Black Skinny Jeans Men Definition
Source(Google.com.pk)The Manufacturing
Process
Durable twill-woven fabric with coloured (usually
blue) warp (lengthwise) and white filling (crosswise) threads, also sometimes
woven in coloured stripes. The name originated in the French serge de Nîmes. Denim is usually all-cotten
though it is sometimes made of a cotton-synthetic mixture. Decades of use in
the clothing industry, especially in the manufacture of overalls and trousers
worn for heavy labour, have demonstrated denim's durability, a quality that,
along with its comfort, made denim jeans extremely popular for leisure wear in
the late 20th century.
a. A coarse twilled cloth,
usually cotton, used for jeans, overalls, and work uniforms.
b. denims Trousers or another
garment made of this cloth.
A
similar but finer fabric used in draperies and upholstery.
a heavy twill fabric of cotton or
other fibers woven with white and colored, often blue, threads, used esp. for
jeans.
a lighter, softer fabric resembling this..
denims, (used with a pl. v.) clothes of denim. Dry or raw denim,
as opposed to washed denim, is a denim fabric that is not washed after being
dyed during its production. Over time, denim will generally fade, which is
often considered desirable. During the process of wear, it is typical to see
fading on areas that generally receive the most stress, which includes the
upper thighs workers the ankles (stacks) and behind the knees honey comes
After being crafted into an article of clothing, most denim is washed to
make it softer and to reduce or eliminate shrinkage which could cause an item
to not fit after the owner washes it. In addition to being washed, non-dry
denim is sometimes artificially "distressed" to produce a worn look.Much of the appeal of factory distressed denim is that it looks similar to dry denim that has, with time, faded. With dry denim, however, such fading is affected by the body of the person who wears the jeans and the activities of his/her daily life. This creates what many enthusiasts feel to be a more natural, unique look than distressed denim.
Shuttle looms weave a narrower 30
inch fabric, which is on average half the width of the more modern shuttleless
sulzer looms (invented in 1927 by the
Sulzer brothers) and thus a longer piece of fabric is required to make a pair
of jeans (approximately 3 yards). To maximize yield, jean where traditionally
made with a straight outseam that utalised the full width of the fabric
including this edge. This became not only desirable but since the production of
wider width denim, a mark of premium quality as when worn with a turn up the
two selvages where visable rather than a unatractive overlocked edge.
Denim, unlike many types of cloth (which are woven in one place and sent to another for dying), is woven and dyed at one location.
Preparing the cotton yarn
There are several steps between ginned cotton (cotton after it has been picked from fields and processed) and cotton yarn. The incoming cotton is removed from tightly packed bales and inspected before undergoing a process known as carding. In this process, the cotton is put through machines that contain brushes with bent wire teeth. These brushes—called cards—clean, disentangle, straighten, and gather together the cotton fibers. At this point, the fibers are called slivers.
Other machines join several slivers together, and these slivers are then pulled and twisted, which serves to make the threads stronger. Next, these ropes are put on spinning machines that further twist and stretch the fibers to form yarn.
Some cloths are woven (see step 5 below) and then dyed, but denim is usually dyed with chemically synthesized indigo before being woven. Large balls of yarn, called ball warps, are dipped in the indigo mixture several times so that the dye covers the yarn in layers. (These many layers of indigo dye explain why blue jeans fade slightly with each washing.) Although the exact chemicals used in such dyeing procedures remain trade secrets, it is known that a small amount of sulfur is often used to stabilize the top or bottom layers of indigo dye.
The dyed yarn is then slashed; that is, it is coated with sizing (any one of a variety of starchy substances) to make the threads stronger and stiffer. Once this operation is complete, the yarn threads are ready to woven with undyed filling yarn threads.
Weaving the yarn
The yarn is then woven on large mechanical looms. Denim is not 100 percent blue, as the blue dyed threads forming the warp(long, vertical threads) are combined with white threads forming the weft (shorter, horizontal threads). Because denim is woven with the blue threads packed closer together than the white threads and with the blue threads covering three out of four white threads, the blue threads dominate. (By examining a piece of denim closely one can detect the steep diagonal pattern that results from this process, which is known as a three-by-one right-hand twill weave.) Although mechanized looms make use of the same basic weaving procedure as a simple hand loom, they are much larger and faster. A modern "shuttle-less" loom (which uses a very small carrier instead of the traditional shuttle to weave the weft threads between the warp threads) may produce as much as 3,279 yards (3,000 meters) of cloth 3.28 or 4.37 yards (three or four meters) wide in a single week. As much as 1,093 yards (1,000 meters) of cloth may be rolled into a single huge bolt.
At this point the denim is ready for finishing, a term referring to a variety of treatments applied to cloth after it is woven. With denim, finishing is usually fairly simple. The cloth is brushed to remove loose threads and lint, and the denim is usually skewed in a way that will prevent it from twisting when it is made into clothing. The denim may then be sanforized, or preshrunk. Preshrunk denim should shrink no more than three percent after three washings.
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